Cultivating Premium Bergamot Essence in Reggio Calabria's unique microclimate

The region dedicated to the cultivation of Reggio Calabria P.D.O. Bergamot is a truly unique and limited expanse, stretching for a mere 100 kilometers along the Ionian coast near the city of Reggio, nestled at the southernmost tip of Italy, overlooking the captivating Straits of Messina.

This geographical area boasts a microclimate that is nothing short of extraordinary, often characterized as "tropical moist temperate" on climate charts.

The exceptional nature of this climate can be attributed to a combination of factors that converge harmoniously to create the ideal conditions for Bergamot cultivation.

First and foremost, the climate in this region exhibits minimal temperature fluctuations between day and night throughout the year.

This stability in temperature provides Bergamot trees with a consistent and favorable environment for their growth and fruit production.

A climate that is perfectly tailored to Bergamot cultivation

The landscape's distinctive configuration, with expansive valleys intersected by characteristic watercourses known as "fiumare," contributes to the unique microclimate by creating natural channels for airflow and moisture distribution.

Another crucial climatic element in this equation is the occasional sirocco winds that blow in from the coast.

These winds play a pivotal role by delivering ample winter rainfall, ensuring the trees receive the necessary moisture to thrive, while also bringing humid heat during the summer months.

An exceptionally rich soil

Beyond the climatic advantages, the quality of the soil in this region is exceptionally rich in minerals.

This nutrient-rich soil provides the Bergamot trees with essential elements for their growth and the development of high-quality fruit.

During the critical summer months, the availability of adequate irrigation water is ensured, with each mature tree receiving approximately 800 to 1000 liters of water every two weeks.

This consistent irrigation schedule helps maintain the health and vitality of the trees, enabling them to produce an abundance of quality Bergamot fruit.

It is no coincidence that the province of Reggio Calabria stands as the sole location where Bergamot trees yield such remarkable fruit and essence.

The culmination of these unique and harmonious conditions makes this region unrivaled in Bergamot cultivation.

The statistics firmly support this claim, with nearly 95% of the world's Bergamot production originating from the Reggio area.

Despite numerous attempts in other European countries and on different continents, Bergamot cultivation has struggled to replicate the success achieved in this hallowed land.

Reggio Calabria: The Epitome of Bergamot Excellence

There have been endeavors to cultivate Bergamot in places as far-flung as the Ivory Coast, yet the results, particularly in terms of fruit quality and essence production, have consistently fallen short of the standards set by its native land of Reggio Calabria.

In essence, the region's limited extent, unique microclimate, mineral-rich soil, consistent irrigation, and ideal positioning make it the heart and soul of Bergamot cultivation, producing the world's highest-quality Bergamot essence and securing its reputation as the unrivaled home of this exquisite citrus fruit.

Interested in knowing more about Calabria? Read our blogs here.